Describe historic rates of global population growth
For a long time human population growth remained consistently with under 1 billion with very little change. The population did start growing a little bit to almost 1 billion in 2000 B.C., and in around 1300 A.D. the population had a quick decline because of the black plague. The population started growing rapidly a little bit before the industrial revolution and currently the population is around 7.7 billion.
Are populations currently increasing at the same rate everywhere in the world?
No. At the moment Nigeria and Saudi Arabia are growing rapidly, USA and Australia are growing slowly, Japan and Italy are pretty stable, Germany and Bulgaria are declining. In the middle east the population is increasing rapidly.
What are the advantages of low population growth rate or low fertility rate?
A fertility rate is the average amount of children born per women in a country. Having a low fertility rate means that you population may be more consistent and stable rather than if you have a high fertility rate.
What are the disadvantages of high fertility rate?
High fertility rate means on average more children are born per women. With more people more resources are needed. More people need more land, more food, and more water.
Describe a demographic transition and identify the challenges.
A demographic transition is the transition from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates. A demographic transition has about 4 distinct stages. Going into a demographic transition can be challenging because some factors can hinder the transition such as shortages of scientists and engineers, shortages of skilled workers, large debts to developed countries, insufficient financial capital, and drop of economic assistance from developed countries.
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